The surface morphology and the cross-section image of laser annealed S-hyperdoped silicon film are obtained using a Carl Zeiss UItra-55 type cold field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the sulfur-dopant concentration of film is measured using an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) that is equipped in SEM.
Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films were deposited on glass substrates by using spin-coating and an annealing process, which can improve the crystallinity and morphology of the thin films. The grain size, optical gap, and atomic contents of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), tin (Sn), and sulfur (S) in a CZTS thin film absorber relate to the concentrations of aqueous precursor …
All the films showed p-type conductivity and the carrier concentration increased dramatically to the order of 10 17 for Cu and slightly become less and less for In and Ag but still found to be the better value as compared to undoped SnS film. ... Thus the sulphur film is initially deposited on glass substrate as a bottom layer which serves a ...
The fluorescence intensity of PVA/SQDs film presented good linear relationship with the concentration of Fe 3+ in the range of 0–0.53 mM. The detection limit could reach 0.69 μM, which can well meet the detection demand of Fe 3+ in drinking water.
Subsequently, electric and TE properties are systematically controlled by adjusting the carrier concentration from 3.0 × 10 19 to 4.5 × 10 20 cm −3, and accurately measured thermal …
Sulfur autotrophic denitrification (SAD) using elemental sulfur as the electron donor has aroused increasing interest of its application in treating secondary effluent from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). ... This study examined the effect of different DO concentrations on SAD. Results revealed that both low (0–0.5 mg/L) and moderate (2. ...
Background: In neutral or alkaline soils, iron (Fe) easily forms insoluble complexes, which makes it difficult for plants to utilize Fe in the soil for nutrition. Polyester sulfur-coated urea (PSCU) is a novel controlled-release fertilizer widely used in China and some foreign countries, and it has been proven that sulfur film from controlled-release fertilizers can significantly improve the ...
S–TiO 2 catalysts obtained under H 2 S atmosphere at low temperature are highly efficient.. SO 4 2− was formed on the films surface, indicating the substitution of Ti 4+ by S 6+.. XPS depth profile revealed the cationic diffusion of sulfur by the alternative S-doped method. • S-doped TiO 2 film presented 72.1% of dye degradation under visible light.. S–TiO 2 films …
Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) was introduced into a microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition of microcrystalline diamond thin film. Secondary-ion mass spectroscopy showed that sulfur concentration was controlled from 2 × 10 15 to 9 × 10 17 cm − 3 by controlling the H 2 S/CH 4 ratio, while that of hydrogen concentration was around 5 × 10 20 cm − 3 and was …
The creation of acid mine drainage (AMD) is mainly attributed to the presence of sulfur-bearing minerals or sulfur-containing waste rocks, which thoroughly interact with oxygen, rainwater, and microorganisms [1, 2] throughout the mining process.They are characterized by low pH (2–4), high corrosivity, and water containing significant concentrations of heavy metal …
At one point in the absorber, the partial pressure of the SO2 in the gas stream is 4x10 Pa and the concentration of the contacting liquid stream is 0.55 kg mol/m'. The individual gas film mass transfer coefficient is kg - 3.95x109 kg mol/m² s Pa and the individual liquid film mass transfer coefficient is ki = 1.1x10* kg mol/mº s (kg mol/m').
found to be increased from 2.63 to 3.17 eV with a rise in the sulfur incorporation level. An increase in the concentration of sulfur causes a rise in resistivity from 106 7to 10 Ω cm. Keywords: Chemical bath deposition, Sulfur incorporation, Optical analysis, Electrical resistivity. DOI: 10.21272/jnep.14(2).02014 PACS numbers: 73.61 Ga, 61.05.cp
The concentration of the catholyte exhibits a quadratic relationship with the gray value of the catholyte. By analyzing this video data, we can observe individual sulfur droplet growth kinetic …
Bottle cap liner films ("ZnO [celite] –zeolite film") that absorb volatile sulfur compounds from kimchi were developed for kimchi-packaging plastic bottles using zinc oxide (ZnO) in celite (ZnO [celite]), zeolite, and low-density polyethylene (LDPE).The ZnO [celite] concentration-dependent deodorizing effect of the films and their physicochemical properties …
Thin films of Tin oxide doped with deferent concentration of Sulfur were prepared on glass substrates at 400 °C by spray pyrolysis technique. The thin films were characterized to study …
In the experiment to study the effect of concentration on the rate of reaction, sodium thiosulfate is reacted with hydrochloric acid to produce a precipitate of sulfur and three other products.As the reaction conditions include TFA (trifluoroacetic acid) and H 2 O generally in mixed CH 2 Cl 2 /H 2 O solvent, we examine CF 2 H and CF 3 radicals ...
content ratio of Cu/(Zn + Sn) is lower than 1 for the CuCl2 concentration below 0.14 M and approaches 1 at the CuCl2 concentration of 0.16 M. When the ZnCl2, SnCl2, and thiourea concentrations increase with a CuCl2 concentration of 0.14 M, the Cu/(Zn + Sn) atomic content ratio remains below 1, as seen in Figure1b–d.
The images reveal significantly lower sulfur distributed in S@HPC compared to S-DIB@HPC (Figure S23, Supporting Information). The lower amount of sulfur present in the …
Influence of sulfur concentration variation on the physical and chemical properties of nebulizer spray pyrolysis deposited SnS2 thin films are investigated. The SnS2 thin films were coated onto glass substrate at 325 °C by changing sulfur concentration as 0.8, 0.9 and 1.0 M. Sulfur concentration dependent micro-structural, surface morphological, optical and …
Figure 1 shows the X-ray diffraction spectra of pure and Sulfur content MoO3 films deposited at substrate temperature of 310 °C. The pure MoO3 thin film (MO) shows the single orthorhombic phase (α-MoO3) (JCPDS Card No. 075-0912) with preferred orientation along (020) direction. With …
EDX spectra of thin films prepared at different thiourea molarity that shows all the elements (copper, tin, cobalt, and sulfur) compose the film are shown in Fig. 3.It was …
Production of Volatile Sulfur Compounds in Packaged Broccoli 295 centration remained at the same level until the end of the experiment, whereas the CO 2 concentration increased to a maximum after 18 h and subsequently declined (Fig. 1). The concentrations of methanethiol increased gradually, reaching to a maximum of 309.7 ppm 36 h after packag-
Hence the terminology "two" film and these are referred to as gas film and liquid film. Concentration gradients are assumed to exist only in the films. Outside the film, the phases are assumed to be at uniform concentration and are referred to as gas bulk and liquid bulk. A mass transfer driving force is defined for transport in the gas film
Polyester sulfur-coated urea (PSCU) is a novel controlled-release fertilizer widely used in China and some foreign countries, and it has been proven that sulfur film from controlled-release fertilizers can significantly improve the activation of …
In APT, sulfur ion concentration has a profound effect on the growth rate of SnS 2 thin film. As the sulfur concentration increases, there will be more availability of S 2− ions to interact with the Sn 4+ ions in the bath. Also with the increase in sulfur ion concentration, there will be more dissociation of thioacetamide with the creation of ...
Influence of sulfur concentration variation on the physical and chemical properties of nebulizer spray pyrolysis deposited SnS2 thin films are investigated. The SnS2 thin films …
Figure 6 is a histogram of the total sulfur concentration in weight percent in a cross-section of normal marine siliciclastic sedimentary environments (i.e., exclusive of sediments deposited under anoxic conditions, and those dominated by a carbonate matrix). The data come from a range of depths in the sediment column. As noted above, the dominant form of sulfur in these …
The sulfur nominal concentration changed by adding different thiourea concentrations, CdS films were deposited at thiourea concentrations ranging from 0.025 M to 0.250 M. The best crystalline quality of CdS films was obtained for 0.075 M and 0.1 M thiourea concentrations according to XRD analysis. The introduction of very small fluorine amount ...
The spray deposited ZnS film for 0.4 M sulfur concentration detects the two emission peaks which are related to blue emission band around 405 nm which is attributed to …